Filtration Methods in Sonar Systems

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31861/sisiot2025.1.01009

Keywords:

hydroacoustic, wavelet transformation, Fourier transform, Wiener filter

Abstract

The paper considers the main methods of hydroacoustic signal filtering used to extract useful information from natural and anthropogenic noise. The reliability and accuracy of sonar systems depend on the ability to suppress interference while preserving the useful components of the received acoustic signals. Particular attention is paid to wavelet smoothing, the Wiener filter, adaptive filtering algorithms based on the Least Mean Squares (LMS) method, and a variety of frequency-selective filters, including bandpass, low-pass, high-pass, and notch filters. The effectiveness of each method is discussed in the context of typical underwater acoustic environments, where noise sources vary in origin and spectral characteristics. As part of the study, a real hydroacoustic signal recorded using a broadband hydrophone in natural aquatic conditions was used to evaluate and compare the filtering techniques. The signal contained both low-frequency and high-frequency interference components, as well as impulsive noise typical of biological and anthropogenic sources. MATLAB R2024a software was used to simulate and visualize the filtering process, including wavelet decomposition and thresholding. Based on the results obtained, a combined approach to filtering is proposed, which integrates several complementary methods to enhance signal clarity. This hybrid strategy enables more accurate detection and identification of underwater objects by adapting to specific noise scenarios. The simulation results confirm that a multi-stage filtering scheme significantly improves the signal-to-noise ratio and preserves informative features of the hydroacoustic signal. The proposed approach is applicable to sonar systems used for marine research, underwater navigation, and environmental monitoring.

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Author Biographies

  • Yevhen Parkhomenko, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University

    Received MS degrees in Radio Engineering from Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine. Is currently studying at a postgraduate course in Electronic Communications and Radio Engineering. His research interests include network and cyber security.

  • Halyna Lastivka, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University

    Received BS and MS degrees in Radio Engineering from ChNU, Ukraine. She received a Ph.D. in solid state electronics from ChNU. She is currently an associate professor of the Radio Engineering Department of ChNU. Her research interests include methods and means of radio spectroscopy, their application for research of sensory properties, structures, defects of layered and organic semiconductors.

  • Oleksandr Lastivka, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University

    Received MS degrees in Electronic Communications and Radio Engineering from Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Ukraine. His research interests include electronic communications and radio engineering, network and cyber security.

  • Andrii Samila, Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University

    Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University. D.Sc. (Engineering), Full Professor, Head of Radio Engineering and Information Security Department of Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University. Research interests: IoT, Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging, Signal Processing, Computer Hardware Design, Robotics, High Energy & Nuclear Physics. Author of nearly 200 publications in this research area.

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Abstract views: 13

Published

2025-06-30

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

[1]
Y. Parkhomenko, H. Lastivka, O. Lastivka, and A. Samila, “Filtration Methods in Sonar Systems”, SISIOT, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 01009, Jun. 2025, doi: 10.31861/sisiot2025.1.01009.

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