SPECIFICITY OF FORMATION OF GENETIC NATURE OF PROFILE-DIFFERENTIATED SOILS OF THE CARPATHIAN REGION AND DIAGNOSTICS OF ELEMENTARY SOIL PROCESSES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31861/biosystems2024.01.168Keywords:
profile-differentiated soils, elementary soil processes, acid hydrolesis, loessivage, gley-eluviation, siltation, silt fractionAbstract
The problems of improving the genetic diagnostics of profile-differentiated soils of the Precarpathian region on the basis of elementary soil processes as one of the most important tasks of soil science are considered. The influence of elementary soil processes on the formation of the morphological picture of the soil profile and their diagnostic criteria based on changes in the mineral part of sod-podzolic (brownish-podzolic) and brownish-podzolic soils is substantiated.
It is shown that podzolisation and loessification createfavourable conditions for gley-eluviation and its fsrst phase- «bleaching», which lead to the lightening of eluvial horizons, possible destruction of the mineral part of the soil and are considered as concomitant. An assumption has been made about one of the mechanisms of formation of albeluvial leaks in the eluvial horizon of profile-differentiated soils of the Precarpathian region.
The concequences of the passage and the diagnostic criteria for the separation of ashing (acid hydrolesis) leaching and gley-eluviation are presented. The indicators of loss and accumulation of silt fraction in the soil profile are analysed sn terms of the concequences of profile formation and related soil formation processes. Most of the studied sections of profile-differentiated soils of the Precarpathian region of different nomenclature and classification have similar parameters of silt loss from the upper eluvial thickness and its accumulation in the illuvium.
The parameters of silt deficit in the profile and its illuvial accumulation indicate a similar intensity of the development of the profile-forming process of podzolisation in sod-podzolic (brownish-podzolic) and brownish-podzolic soils. The diagnosis ofa higher degree of podzolisation of profile-differentiated soils by the thickness of the eluvial and humus-eluvial horisons is not always consistent with the loss of silt from the eluvial layer compared to medium-podzolic soils.
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