USE OF THE rpl32-trnL REGION OF THE CHLOROPLAST GENOME IN THE MOLECULAR TAXONOMY OF HERACLEUM SPECIES
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31861/biosystems2024.01.058Keywords:
bioinformatic analysis, genetic polymorphism, molecular markers, molecular genomics, rpl32-trnL intergenic spacer, interspecific hybridization, Heracleum, ApiaceaeAbstract
In recent decades, the invasion of alien plant species has acquired the status of one of the greatest threats to biodiversity. Invasive plants can not only displace native species but also transform ecosystems, which leads to more global negative consequences. An additional danger is the hybridization of invasive species with closely related native plants, which can contribute to the emergence of more aggressive invasive forms. The territory of Ukraine is also actively colonized by alien plants, among which the group of giant borschts (Heracleum, Apiaceae) attracts special attention. In addition to the impact on ecosystems, these plants are dangerous for people, because they can cause photochemical burns when in contact with the skin. For one of the species of this group, namely H. mantegazzianum Sommier & Levier, the possibility of hybridization with the aboriginal European species H. sphondylium L. However, both parental species and potential hybrid forms from the territory of Ukraine remain unexplored using molecular genetic methods. In this work, for the first time, we amplified and sequenced the spacer region of the chloroplast genome between the rpl32 and trnL genes for samples of H. mantegazzianum and H. sphondylium. The obtained sequences were compared with each other and with rpl32-trnL sequences available in the GenBank database for other species of the genus Heracleum. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the use of the rpl32-trnL region allows dividing all species of the genus into two main groups, one of which includes H. mantegazzianum and H. sphondylium Thus, the rpl32-trnL site can be successfully used for molecular identification of Ukrainian representatives of the genus Heracleum, as well as for determining the direction of hybridization for potential hybrid forms between the invasive species H. mantegazzianum and the native representative of the Ukrainian flora H. sphondylium
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