THE LEVEL OF LIPID PEROXIDATION IN APIS MELLIFERA L. DURING THEIR SHORT-TERM MAINTENANCE ON DIFFERENT CARBOHYDRATE DIETS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31861/biosystems2024.01.046Keywords:
Apis mellifera, carbohydrate diet, lipid peroxidation, 14 hour stress, foraging beesAbstract
The honey bee (Apis mellifera L.), the main pollinator of entomophilous plants, is one of the most important insects of natural ecosystems and a producer of such important products as honey, perga, royal jelly, wax, propolis etc. The efficiency of beekeeping is limited by many factors, the main of which is the survival of colonies in critical periods of development, especially in the conditions of widespread use of artificial feed. Diets that do not meet the vital needs of honey bees in full nutrition negatively affect their health. The aim of the study was to evaluate the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO), as a marker of the development of stress, in foraging bees Apis mellifera carnica, which consumed different carbohydrate diets in laboratory conditions for 14 hours. Bees were selected from the outermost combs in July, 40-50 individuals into feeder boxes, transported to the laboratory and kept for 14 hours at 25°С in a thermostat on the following diets: Group I – 30% sucrose solution; II – 30% sugar solution; III – 60% sucrose solution; IV – 60% sugar solution; V – 30% glucose solution; VI – 30% fructose solution; VII – 30% glucose solution + 30% fructose solution (1:1); VIII – 15% glucose solution + 15% fructose solution (1:1); IX – 32% honey solution. The insects of the control group were frozen with liquid nitrogen, in the apiary, the insects of the experimental groups - after the end of the experiment; stored at minus 70 °C until biochemical studies. The level of LPO was determined in separate tags (head, thorax, abdomen) according to Placer's method with modifications. It was found that the transfer into feeder boxes, transportation and keeping for 14 hours of a small cluster of forager bees is a significant stress factor for them, as evidenced by the increase in the level of LPO in the tissues of the insects' heads. The lowest level of LPO was observed in the tissues of the head and abdomen in bees that were kept in feeder boxes for fourteen hours on a 30% glucose diet compared to bees that consumed fructose (30%), sucrose (30 % and 60%) diets, a mixture of monosugars (15% + 15% and 30% + 30%) and honey.
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