IMPACT OF BISPHENOL A IN POWDER FORM ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORYNEBACTERIUM GLUTAMICUM AND MICROCOCCUS LUTEUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31861/biosystems2024.01.041Keywords:
bisphenol A (BPA), BPA exposure, chemical pollutants, microbial development, bioremediationAbstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is an important monomer in the production of polycarbonate plastic and its derivatives. The daily and widespread use of BPA-containing products has led to its wide distribution as a contaminant and xenobiotic in water, soil, and the atmosphere. Its impact is associated with disruptions in the endocrine, nervous, immune, and reproductive systems. Currently, methods for effective removal of BPA from the environment are actively being researched, including through enzymatic activity of microorganisms. Literature provides numerous data on the effects of dissolved xenobiotics on microbial viability, but there is a lack of information on the effects of solid powdered BPA. This study investigated the impact of granular BPA at concentrations significantly exceeding those found in soils on the growth and lignin peroxidase activity of Corynebacterium glutamicum and Micrococcus luteus.
It has been established that the pollutant in powdered form is capable of inhibiting the growth of both studied prokaryotic species within just 24 hours of cultivation. The diameter of the lysis zones ranged between 0.4-0.7 cm for M. luteus and 0.5-0.9 cm for C. glutamicum, depending on the dose of the pollutant applied. For C. glutamicum, a prolonged destructive impact of the compound was noted, evidenced by an increase in lysis diameter up to 168 hours into the experiment. In contrast, no definitive pattern was observed for M. luteus – maximum growth inhibition was observed at 48 hours, with no significant differences noted thereafter.
It has been observed that the introduction of powdered BPA in all studied concentrations, particularly at 7.5 mg/mL in liquid nutrient media, promotes the growth of microorganisms and increases the content of total protein and the activity of lignin peroxidase. These results are likely explained by the action of bisphenol A on microorganisms as a stress factor. Under these conditions, it is probable that protective mechanisms of bacteria, including those that aid in the utilization of bisphenol A, begin to be synthesized and activated..
References
Nomiri, S., Hoshyar, R., Ambrosino, C., Tyler, C. R., & Mansouri, B. (2019). A mini review of bisphenol A (BPA) effects on cancer-related cellular signaling pathways. Environmental science and pollution research international, 26(9), 8459–8467. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04228-9
Molina-López, A. M., Bujalance-Reyes, F., Ayala-Soldado, N., Mora-Medina, R., Lora-Benítez, A., & Moyano-Salvago, R. (2023). An Overview of the Health Effects of Bisphenol A from a One Health Perspective. Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 13(15), 2439. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13152439
Lee, J., Choi, K., Park, J., Moon, H. B., Choi, G., Lee, J. J., Suh, E., Kim, H. J., Eun, S. H., Kim, G. H., Cho, G. J., Kim, S. K., Kim, S., Kim, S. Y., Kim, S., Eom, S., Choi, S., Kim, Y. D., & Kim, S. (2018). Bisphenol A distribution in serum, urine, placenta, breast milk, and umbilical cord serum in a birth panel of mother-neonate pairs. The Science of the total environment, 626, 1494–1501. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.042
Besaratinia A. (2023). The State of Research and Weight of Evidence on the Epigenetic Effects of Bisphenol A. International journal of molecular sciences, 24(9), 7951. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24097951
Sirasanagandla, S. R., Al-Huseini, I., Sakr, H., Moqadass, M., Das, S., Juliana, N., & Abu, I. F. (2022). Natural Products in Mitigation of Bisphenol A Toxicity: Future Therapeutic Use. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 27(17), 5384. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27175384
Kim, D., Kwak, J. I., & An, Y. J. (2018). Effects of bisphenol A in soil on growth, photosynthesis activity, and genistein levels in crop plants (Vigna radiata). Chemosphere, 209, 875–882. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.06.146
Manzoor, M. F., Tariq, T., Fatima, B., Sahar, A., Tariq, F., Munir, S., Khan, S., Nawaz Ranjha, M. M. A., Sameen, A., Zeng, X. A., & Ibrahim, S. A. (2022). An insight into bisphenol A, food exposure and its adverse effects on health: A review. Frontiers in nutrition, 9, 1047827. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2022.1047827
Yu, K., Yi, S., Li, B., Guo, F., Peng, X., Wang, Z., Wu, Y., Alvarez-Cohen, L., & Zhang, T. (2019). An integrated meta-omics approach reveals substrates involved in synergistic interactions in a bisphenol A (BPA)-degrading microbial community. Microbiome, 7(1), 16. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40168-019-0634-5
Endo, Y., Kimura, N., Ikeda, I., Fujimoto, K., & Kimoto, H. (2007). Adsorption of bisphenol A by lactic acid bacteria, Lactococcus, strains. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 74(1), 202–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00253-006-0632-y
Singh, A. K., Katari, S. K., Umamaheswari, A., & Raj, A. (2021). In silico exploration of lignin peroxidase for unraveling the degradation mechanism employing lignin model compounds. RSC advances, 11(24), 14632–14653. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ra10840e
Santos, J. D. S., Pontes, M. D. S., de Souza, M. B., Fernandes, S. Y., Azevedo, R. A., de Arruda, G. J., & Santiago, E. F. (2023). Toxicity of bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues BPF and BPS on the free-floating macrophyte Salvinia biloba. Chemosphere, 343, 140235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140235
Matsumura, Y., Akahira-Moriya, A., & Sasaki-Mori, M. (2015). Bioremediation of bisphenol-A polluted soil by Sphingomonas bisphenolicum AO1 and the microbial community existing in the soil. Biocontrol science, 20(1), 35–42. https://doi.org/10.4265/bio.20.35
Kuyukina, M. S., Ivshina, I. B., Korshunova, I. O., Stukova, G. I., & Krivoruchko, A. V. (2016). Diverse effects of a biosurfactant from Rhodococcus ruber IEGM 231 on the adhesion of resting and growing bacteria to polystyrene. AMB Express, 6(1), 14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13568-016-0186-z
Ingale, S., Patel, K., Sarma, H., Joshi, S.J. (2021). Bacterial Biodegradation of Bisphenol A (BPA). In: Joshi, S.J., Deshmukh, A., Sarma, H. (eds) Biotechnology for Sustainable Environment. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1955-7_4
Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., & Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. The Journal of biological chemistry, 193(1), 265–275.
Jia, Y., Eltoukhy, A., Wang, J., Li, X., Hlaing, T. S., Aung, M. M., Nwe, M. T., Lamraoui, I., & Yan, Y. (2020). Biodegradation of Bisphenol A by Sphingobium sp. YC-JY1 and the Essential Role of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase. International journal of molecular sciences, 21(10), 3588. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103588
Kobroob, A., Peerapanyasut, W., Chattipakorn, N., & Wongmekiat, O. (2018). Damaging Effects of Bisphenol A on the Kidney and the Protection by Melatonin: Emerging Evidences from In Vivo and In Vitro Studies. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2018, 3082438. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3082438
Hąc-Wydro K., Połeć K., Broniatowski M. The comparative analysis of the effect of environmental toxicants: Bisphenol A, S and F on model plant, fungi and bacteria membranes. The studies on multicomponent systems. Journal of Molecular Liquids. 2019. Vol. 289. P. 111136. URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2019.111136 (date of access: 01.07.2024).
Tian, K., Yu, Y., Qiu, Q., Sun, X., Meng, F., Bi, Y., Gu, J., Wang, Y., Zhang, F., & Huo, H. (2022). Mechanisms of BPA Degradation and Toxicity Resistance in Rhodococcus equi. Microorganisms, 11(1), 67. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11010067.
