INFLUENCE OF VEGETATION AND LAND USE ON THE FRACTIONAL-GROUP COMPOSITION OF HUMUS IN TYPICAL RENDZINAS OF THE DNIESTER REGION
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31861/biosystems2025.02.314Keywords:
rendzinas, Dnister region, humus, group composition of humus, fractional composition of humus, environmental factors, humic acids, fulvic acids, productivity of ecosystems, sod processAbstract
The purpose of the research was to establish the specifics of humus formation in sod-carbonate soils of the Dnister region (typical rendzinas) under natural and anthropogenically transformed areas (forest, meadow grasses, and arable land).
The group and fractional composition of humus reflects the entire complex of soil formation conditions, differs significantly between soils of different genetic nature, depends on the lithological and hydrothermal conditions of the area and other environmental factors and is characterized by the corresponding parameters of the indicators, which are important in the context of crop yield and ecosystem productivity. The study of groups and fractions of soil humus under natural and anthropogenically transformed lands allows to find out the regional peculiarities of the passage and direction of transformation of humus formation under the conditions of anthropogenic influence.
The processes of humus formation in turf-carbonate soil on limestone eluvium under the forest canopy, meadows, and arable land were monitored. Close parameters of indicators of the fractional-group composition of humus of the studied soils and typical chernozems, which almost did not remain in their natural state on the territory of the "Podilski Tovtry" nature park, make it possible to understand the specifics of humus formation in them at different intensities of anthropogenic influence.
Identified differences in the group and fractional composition of humus of turf-carbonate soil under ecologically stabilizing lands and arable land will allow to expand the understanding of the course of humus-forming processes with different types of plant remains entering the soil. It has been proven that during the long-term use of rendzinas in typical arable lands, some indicators of their humus condition deteriorate, in particular, the total humus content decreases and the ratio between humus groups and fractions changes.
Under more arid conditions, humicity and the content of fractions HA-3 and FA-3, connected in stable complexes with sesquioxides and clay minerals, can increase in sod-carbonate soils. With intensive use of the soil (meadows and arable land), the proportion of humic acids in the composition of humus increases compared to fulvic acids and fractions HA-2 and FA-2 associated with calcium. In arable soil, a decrease in the content of humus and an increase in its humus content are noted.
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